Yik Yeong Look is an architecture student from Malaysia. He received his architecture degree from a local university and spent 2 years working in local architecture firm before moving to Glasgow in 2019 to pursue Part 2 in Mackintosh School of Architecture. His design approach focuses on challenging the conventional architectural typologies and the boundaries of urban realm.

When Glasgow first started off as a bishopric and then later burgh, domesticity and labor were inseparable where craftsmen and family worked and lived together in timber structures. During industrial revolution, the emergence of factories separated work from domesticity. Factories at that time were in the center of the city with collective dwelling structures built around them to cater the massive immigration of laborers. After the war and economic depression, factories fell into decline and were being zoned out of the city. The industrial buildings in the city were later converted into flats and offices. The primary reason factories are moved to area outside of the cities is because of the noise and pollution. However, factories now are getting smarter, cleaner and quieter. They are more ready than ever to return to the city. Factories in the city would be closer to skilled workers and urban amenities. This design thesis investigate the relationship of domesticity, labour and the city through exploring the idea of factory being brought back to the urban fabric, as a generator of the city, in the form of hybridization with urban housing.

Jackson Deans is a multidisciplinary designer from North Yorkshire. He specialises in architectural design, graphic communication and illustration. With a fondness for bold and brutal forms, his work draws from 20th century Post-Modern, Metabolist, and Brutalist architecture that feeds into all aspects of his work. Whilst studying in Stage 4, Jackson has designed two large-scale architectural projects relating to domesticity and labour in the urban context of Glasgow.

‘Urban Housing’ explores the relationship between not only domesticity and labour, but the broader district in which our site is located, and a masterplan design was established in order to discuss vital social issues within the district. The project is presented from the large scale of the city down to the small scale of an archetypal dwelling, or ‘cell’ that forms the larger build up of the housing complex.

With ‘Urban Building’, Jackson develops a hybrid typology that incorporates contemporary nightclub spaces into the fabric of a traditional Roman bath house. This project addresses issues relating to the LGBTQ+ community and offers spaces that intend to provide different, perhaps contrasting experiences catered to the desire of the user; a meditative spa, an intense techno nightclub, private darkrooms, and virtually any spacial and experiential variance in between.

Vivien Wan Ting Neoh has just completed Stage 4 at the Mackintosh School of Architecture. The following images are taken from the Urban Housing project, sited in Merchant City in Glasgow. Often housing is planned with the nuclear family unit in mind: two parents with children. As society evolves to become include new living situations – multigenerational families, single parents, young urban workers, the traditional three-bedroom apartment may no longer be suited to the needs of everyone. This project considers how apartment types for three different groups of people: multigenerational families, live-at-home professionals and artisans whose dedicated workspace is located in proximity to their homes. The project also explores the inclusion of levels in a single living unit, in contrast to typical flats which spaces are spread out on one floor.

Lillianne is a Norweigan Part I student, and has attended The Mackintosh School of Architecture since the beginning of her Bachelor. Her professional portfolio includes work from London as well as freelance work in various places of Norway.

Her stage 4 work is an exploration of how a building may serve as an asset in creating a sense of community, and how it can engage with the public creating interest of the program of the building.

Fredrik Frendin is a fourth year architecture student with a background in graphic design. Effective communication of complex ideas is a process which has intrigued Fredrik throughout his years in university. Through exploring a variety of methodologies he has established a comprehensive set of skills to ground his ideas, develop his designs and communicate his proposals in an effective way.

Fredrik has a vested interest in photography. What started out as a way of practising his understanding of buildings to prepare for architecture school has now developed into an essential tool to analyse and capture aspects of the built environment which intrigues and fascinates him.

Fredrik is part of the editorial team for the 45th issue of the MacMag, a student led publication celebrating the work, thought and life of students and staff at the Mackintosh School of Architecture.

The following illustrations have been selected to convey my thesis for the Urban Building project, which explores the hybrid of performance and education.  The design manifests itself as a performing arts venue in Glasgow’s Merchant City, providing an all-encompassing cultural hub accessible to every demographic.

This project is prompted by observations of current performing arts venues in Glasgow, often failing to be inclusive of all in the community and engage a multitude of arts categories in one space.  Supporting spaces within the design are formulated to be utilised by the community for collective and personal development – aiding education and leisure.

The design delivers a venue to experience performing arts in a variety of circumstances.  Permeable in nature, visitors enter from all angles of the building – emphasising its identity as a destination within the city.  Abundant void space in the venue affords the opportunity for sub-division, generating informal performance spaces.  Concrete stairs appear dense and sculptural within the light and open architecture, generated by the steel framed structure, resulting in a visual contrast between solid and void.  This contrast is employed further to convey visual legibility within the design, informing visitors of the function of spaces.  Ascending the building, spaces become increasingly “solid” and introverted for isolated practice to take place.  Polycarbonate curtain walls and glazing portray movement within the building to the streets as animated shadows, engaging the external context of Merchant city.

With boutique stores, galleries, annual festivals celebrating the arts, and many creatives basing themselves there: Merchant City is renowned as the cultural heart of Glasgow.  This venue is synonymous with this context and provides a civic space to cultivate a collective experience of performing arts to inspire personal growth, and collaboration.

RIBA Part I (BSc Hons with International Study, Strathclyde School of Architecture, 2012)
– Arkitektskolen Aarhus (ERASMUS semester, 2016)
– 3 Design Scotland (Interior Designer, 2018-9)
– MAST Architects (Architectural Assistant, 2016-7)
– JM Architects (Architectural Assistant, 2014)
– Ryder (Junior Architectural Assistant, 2012)

Ana is a 4th Year Student of the Bachelor of Architecture with Honours. She is of English and Guatemalan descent and has worked for architecture practices in both countries, as well as volunteering in Guatemala City for the ‘Fundamental’ initiative and taking part in architecture and design community engagement at the Lighthouse in Glasgow.

Following taking Urban Design courses during her ERASMUS Semester in the Escuela Tecnica Superior de Arquitectura in Madrid, she developed an interest for multi-scale master planning in social and historically complex urban contexts. Her first experience of working with these conditions was with the multi-disciplinary firm ‘Taller Ken’ in Guatemala City, where she was involved with a project to build upon and improve informal housing occupied by climate change refugees. From the inception, the design was community led and the engagement of the residents was paramount in order to seamlessly weave the proposal into the complex pre-existing social and urban fabric. This led to Ana working on the regeneration project of a historically important post-modernist bank building, into the Cultural Centre ‘Mil y Una’ located in the commercial centre of the City. The creation of public space and community engagement was at the heart of both projects and where invaluable examples of how bottom-up design can work to alleviate problems in socially complex regions of the developing world and megacities.

Working for Donald Insall Associates, a practice specializing in historic conservation and urban regeneration: Ana was able to continue working on community led projects in historically complex urban sites, such as the conservation of Lincoln College in Oxford and Master planning for Bournemouth Council. These projects have all served to inform the design decisions in her academic portfolio, as she has learnt to use historic research, cultural trends in society and social discourse as tools for designing at different scales.

__________________________________________________

I, as a graduating student at the Glasgow School of Art, would like to state my support for the Pause or Pay Campaign.

I am a fourth year Architecture student at the GSA, recent graduate of the BArch. Hons. Programme. It is a challenge to describe a consistent theme of my architectural work, as I am aiming at being flexible with whatever project brief and site I am given – one could say that adaptability is, in fact, the main objective in my works. But I also want, and strongly believe that, as an architect, no matter the type and size of a project, to come up with a vision and create spaces which are welcoming to everyone, working at a human space; places that feel good and peaceful to be at.

Craig Stephens is a Student, Freelance Architectural Consultant, Project Manager and Architectural Developer.

He studied Construction and Architectural Technology at Forth Valley College where he graduated in 2014 before taking up his first post in professional practice at Pollock Hammond Architects where he took on the role of Architectural Assistant for three and a half years, completing range of projects from small extensions to large-scale commercial projects, participating in all stages of the RIBA plan of work from concept, technical stages, procurement and administration.

Craig is particularly interested in the development of housing in Scotland and the UK and believes that Architectural Developers have the potential to transform the housing market to provide better end-results and better value for money. Since 2018, he has been providing Architectural services as a Freelance Consultant, project manager and Developer. 34 Riverside View, Alloa was his first project constructed as a ‘Design & Build’ Developer. Completed in 2019, he designed, costed, and project-managed the project.

Craig Studied undergraduate at GSA on the part-time mode while he worked in practice. Beginning Stage 4, he switched to the full-time mode.

In Stage 4 Studio, he explored the relationship between Life and Work, developing a thesis based on his own experience as a work-at-home freelancer. His findings were that Life/Work is a balance that is constantly in Flux, influenced by individual requirements. A study of his own home environment, the successful implementation of Maggie’s Centres to provide mental stability, and Japanese Architecture as a way of blurring the lines between nature and the building environment, allowed him to focus on key factors in developing a successful design toolkit: Light, Nature and Adaptability. Adopting a Spacio-Structural system, inspired by the works of Kuma and Fujimoto, he developed a dwelling concept that would allow for quick construction and adaptation using 3x3x3m blocks which could be placed in a three dimensional modular layout. The result was a flexible, simple structural system that would allow nature to occupy the street level with dwellings floating above and courtyards to allow light to flood from above. Following this project, he worked on a new building adjacent to the development. This time a multi-storey commercial building that would provide development space for creatives to research, explore and develop their ideas. In order to maximise the creativity of the occupants Craig explored techniques for increasing creativity and productivity through the physical environment as developed a vertical building based on a continuous ramps system which followed the natural development of each project. This project is still in development.

Craig Developed his Dissertation on the viability of the Architect as Developer, as a practise that could improve the quality of social and private housing in Scotland and the UK. As part of the project, he developed his own experimental dwelling designs, based on real-life plots. From these he explored the design process, the construction process and the final costs, using his own experience and successful professional precedence.

Micro Production and Shared Commerce

Production Is returning to the urban realm. Over the past 50 years’ the production of goods has largely been outsource to countries that are able to mass produced cheap products. Unable to compete with the outsourcing and low cost of mass produced products, large swathes of the Uk’s production industry closed.

Current trends have shown a reanimation of production in western countries. The current state of the earth’s climate has led to consumers being more interested and involved in the storey of locally produced goods. With the rising cost of space in the urban realm and with a growing interest in sustainability previously separate forms of production have learned to band together to minimise waste and to tell the story of the ingenuity.

Using this as the foundation I hoped to create a community of differing scales operating within the shared economy, creating a lively varying hub of micro labour for entrepreneurs, technical and creatively minded people. To reduce the amount of outsourcing, in the hope of creating a self-sustaining community.

Xanthe Wilkins, (Newfoundland, Canada, 1997) completed her BArch (Hons) at the Mackintosh School of Architecture in 2020. From 2018-2019 she worked as an Architectural Assistant at Millar Howard Workshop in Gloucestershire following the completion of her RIBA Part 1, and since 2018 she has continued her work through a range of private commissions from household furnishings, and private cottages, to a distillery’s tasting room in Newfoundland. She has a particular interest in traditional and engineered timber construction, in conjunction with computer visualisation. In the Autumn of 2020 she will begin her Diploma at the Mackintosh School of Architecture in Glasgow, and will complete the RIBA Part 2 credentials.

I am a 4th year Architecture Student at the Mackintosh School of Architecture.

I have completed an internship at OZ Architects in the Netherlands.

I am enjoying the course and I am passionate about creating functional buildings which are politically, economically and socially robust and sensitive at the same time.

Chloe Spiess is an American architect in training. Spiess graduated with her B.S.Arch from the Ohio State University in 2017 and proceeded to find work in an architecture firm in San Diego for two years. During her time at Ohio State, her interests in architecture focused on considerate design reflecting the history and needs of a place.

“each of us is not simply a machine “sleeping, eating, drinking, and performing its numerous other animal functions- but also seeing, touching, and remembering familiar associations and all the other intangible activities of the mind and soul; all of which I personally believe are of far greater importance and in far greater need of consideration than our purely practical functions in life.”
– Alexander Girard

The project – a physical critique on the present-day relationship between labour and domesticity, developed in three phases and scales: a cell unit, a masterplan, and a housing block.
For the working parent, navigating the time/interaction between labour and domesticity is crucial, for their own well-being, the well-being of the next generation, and the impact of their labour and dreams. I believe that by increasing living arrangement flexibility, “sharing” the burden of domestic labour between genders and under-employed neighbours, providing opportunities for rest, wonder, and exploration, working parents and their families will have more time to focus on what they deem most important.

The Cell – I started with a double-unit 2-story cell with a shared terrace for an inter-generational family, wrapped around a tree. Crucially, each unit possessed an independent entrance. As I adapted the initial cell to the form generated in the masterplan, the stair-and-tree-well lost the tree and was pushed to the edge of the unit, creating a filtered-light effect and providing a green-house-like effect inside.

The Masterplan — was the result of the collective work of Samuel Us, Tess Hillan, Gabriella Togni, Norbu Verhagen, and myself. Multiple courtyards take the central idea of my cell and expand it with gardens and plazas in the centres. As a prospective development along the high street of Glasgow – Trongate, we felt that such a project had a duty to provide an alternative to the commercialism of the surrounding area. Towards this aim, we imagined a series of public, semi-public and resident-only open spaces to make up for the lack of similar spaces in the Merchant City.

The Block – The block of the masterplan that I chose resides in the South-Western corner of the site. Hedged by the main street of Trongate and the side-street of Hutcheson, the block is a sandwich of dental offices, live/work units, a creche, a grocer market on the ground floor, housing in the middle, and entertainment (badminton court, petting zoo, community garden, café/bar, and therapy offices on the top with a view of the magnificent Merchant City skyline.

Graphic style – During the last few weeks of the project, I was also reading a book about Alexander Girard – pioneering designer of the mid-century modern movement and friend of Charles and Ray Eames. His playful use of colour and texture inspired me to go wild with my graphics, as well as add a kinetic rain-screen to the deck-access units.

Somebody would consider Architecture as something fancy. In my opinion, architecture is something that comes from the people, hence well-connected to their daily life. We are both users and designers simultaneously. It would create various kinds of atmosphere after combining different kinds of key elements of space such as the feeling of materials or design of space.

Despite the numerous regulations for architecture, it would not be convincible to propose a ‘correct’ way to create great architecture. Though we can always chase and creating the answer to it. Yet one thing for sure is that great architectures are timeless. It originates from the past, lives in the present, and creates the future.
The course I took during my BA degree at the University of Liverpool, coupled with my practical experience as well as the Diploma of Architecture I’m taking in the Glasgow school of arts has helped me to develop a unique appreciation for the complexities of the subject matter.

During my studies I have been interested in how the context would influences the architecture, hence the dialect relationship between human beings and the habitation instead of people being manipulated by space.

Living in the contemporary world, architects need to consider the relationship between physical and social spaces, which related to subjects of relevance to society and social issues. Combining the critical and pioneering thinking of the city with the elegant design of materials and joints in order to create architecture with great experience and quality is what I aim to do. I do wish to become an architect who is taking part in the design of architecture which takes social responsibility and with well-considered joints and materials.

Jorge Velasco holds a Bachelors in Architecture from the University of Guadalajara, Mexico. After working and beginning his own architecture firm in Mexico he has decided to expand his knowledge and experience by journeying across the pond.

His work in Mexico was varied, creating projects for the residential sector, the retail sector and even an experimental theatre. His move to Scotland, and his studies at GSA, is fuelled by an interest in how culture, geography and history has an impact on architecture, with a particular interest in conversions and reutilising spaces.

Digitalization & Physicalization

Everything is increasingly passive in this modern world of ours, mostly indicate through image instead of touch and body response. People tend to focus on how physical things being digitalized. However, many are forgetting the fact that we are also physicalizing digital things at the same time using 2D and 3D printing. Thus, digitalization and physicalization are both happening in our society and should be treated equally.

The proposal for this project is to explore and experience both the digital and physical world. In order to provide different experiences, elements such as structure, material and lighting are designed carefully to create different environments. The idea for the physical world is representing by something rigid and solid while the digital world is more like something ephemeral and void.

Jodie Macpherson is a Glasgow based Scottish designer and recent graduate of the Mackintosh School of Architecture; where she achieved her BArch (Hons) and RIBA Part 1 certification. Throughout her studies, Jodie has implemented her previous background as a painter and visual artist into her work, and has developed a particular interest in architecture visualisation and 3D rendering processes. In 2018, she worked as a free-lance photoshop artist on a project for lighting design firm Kate & Sam (London). Her architectural works have a particular focus on user sensitivity and community integration, and are fabricated with a focus on sustainable design technologies and timber construction.

Yichen Li is a RIBA Part II student studying in Mackintosh School of Architecture. His works are focusing parametric design and sustainable structure strategies.

I have been an architecture student at the Glasgow School of Art since my first year in 2015. This year, I will be graduating my Bachelor of Architecture (Hons)

The two projects presented here are parts of my work from my 4th year. One is a housing project from the first semester, and another one is my thesis project from the second half of the year which, unfortunately has to be cut short.

Despite the halt in the teaching, I have continued to work independently on the project to the most of my ability with the limited facility and resources.

For more information, CV or complete portfolio, please do not hesitate to get in touch.

I, as a graduating student at the Glasgow School of Art, would like to state my support for the Pause or Pay Campaign.

Rebecca Hodalova
Stage 4

Urban housing

Nowadays we take pride in the reputation of being busy. Our business defines our social status. Even though, there is scientific proof that this type of overworking lifestyle is causing the rise of mental health issues, none of us are still able to give this reputation up.

This project responds to this problem by reintroducing the currently dissolved barrier between Labour and Domesticity. It does so through physical separation of these spaces and a carefully designed ‘green-belt’. It caters for the need of a working productive façade, while creating a retreat from work, a place where pure leisure is celebrated in the inside. So, you can metaphorically keep your façade of a hardworking busy person, while enjoying the benefits of a hidden labour free oasis.

Throughout my time at MSA, I have maintained an interest in sustainable practice, pursuing this within a wider context in my part-time work at erz Landscape Architects alongside my studies.

My personal sustainable micro-home build project (from design to construction) has been endorsed by GSA Sustainability (see @studio_occupy). I’m developing my practical skills alongside my research project entitled ‘Occupation and the Right to the City: combining politics and action to reclaim the power of the working class’ to investigate the potential of physical building to unite and politically empower communities; this is a consistent theme in my design work.

I, as a graduating student at the Glasgow School of Art, would like to state my support for the Pause or Pay Campaign To read the full manifesto click here

Cultural institutions based on historical formal social structures have stopped working well. I propose non hierarchy architecture as civic institution. It is an open architecture that the servant space and the served space are switched and the functions are changed from time to time. This building functions as a library in everyday life and as a concert hall in Extraordinary. The building has a open ceiling space in the center with a gentle slope surrounding it. The slope allows you to go up and down without division, creating a continuous space and bringing the experience of connecting the city to the ground.

My focus this year was to investigate, analyse and reflect on the themes of imagination, play and education. I’ve developed an interest in design for play as a form of education and have tried to integrate this passion into all three projects of 4th year. Three projects have been included in my exhibition each studying different techniques of architectural design that enhance socialisation, education and play aimed at a range of ages.

Projects remain unfinished but will be updated on both this page and my instagram as progress continues. @g_reiddesign

I have a strong interest in conservation and restoration architecture, having loved my experience in my year in practice, working for a conservation practice, Simpson and Brown.

I am also interested in designing for children and enjoy using my experience working with children, as a Rainbow Guide leader, to influence my work.

During my fourth year, I was part of the editorial team for MSA’s student-run magazine, MacMag and helped produce the 45th issue of the publication.

In my spare time I enjoy singing as part of the Glasgow School of Art choir, climbing and hiking in the Scottish highlands and I am learning German.

Jemima Harold-Sodipo is currently a Stage 4 Diploma of Architecture student, having completed her Part 1 BArch degree at The University of Nottingham.

The following is the thesis statement of the project showcased here.

In a society where many are separated or isolated, this scheme looks to retain community. Creating a place in the city catered to all ages and abilities, promoting inclusion and integration. All in light of the Glasgow City Council’s goal to repopulate the city centre.

It seeks to strengthen community infrastructure through shared experience and shared resource, creating a diverse and immersive communal space to engage with others. This is primarily achieved through participation and collaborative design within the immersive theatre space and craft facilities.

Tool hire, DIY advice workshop, and a community kitchen with a cooking workshop, share skills often shared within families and communities. Providing essential facilities for people from different social and economic backgrounds.

The program looks to support existing social infrastructure, with workspaces provided for existing networks that also seek to sustain community, boosting their reach.

A holistic approach to sustaining a community is advocating for longevity and sustainable practices. This is achieved through optimisation of passive technologies and natural resources.

During Kelli’s graduate studies of Fine Arts in Architecture at the UMA School of Architecture in Sweden, she attended the Bournemouth School of Arts architecture department, as an exchange student during one semester. After the exchange her interest in the challenge of building for urbanity became to be a driving force in order to understand architectural space as a result of historical intentions and contexts and the influences these had for in resulting in the urban room. A research method – by attempting to understand and appreciate the present and future possibilities for social sustainability – was during the time forming as an architectural vision.

A remarkable experience for her was a Collaborative Workshop in Palermo, Italy. The workshop was organized during the Architecture Biennale by Stalker and Falcota di Architettura di Palermo institute and was attended by both architects and artists. The task during the workshop was to explore a Manifesto which focused on urban realities, challenging one’s comprehension of crisis, hospitality, narratives and archives within the urban room and the role of art in urban transformation.

After Kelli’s graduation as a Bachelor of Architecture she worked for a year at the Swedish Museum of Photography, a social venue in Stockholm provided insights into how artwork is introduced and spread socially though event arrangements and public media. The experience gave roots to the idea of art seen as a tangible and connective tool to build for the future and how the architectural room adds value to the intention.

There is a focus on tangibility as in the connectivity between potential users and visitors. Attempting to connect by reached through – not only seeing a performer of a theatrical space, – but also to see the user as a conductor. Seeing space as a provision: what does the user need in terms of space to make art happen? Art as in challenging the notion of territory, as in unity, art as in the spirit of human meetings, meant to spark engagement and encourage social sustainability.

While architects are trying to address the socio-political issues, such as public inclusiveness whilst proposing a building to society in large, I believe there is more that can be done in terms of co-design for public stimulus. The focus is centered on finding out how the people find space within the urban room.

Martha Duncan is an Edinburgh based Stage 4 Architecture Student who has spent her past 4 years of study at the Mackintosh School of Architecture. Between Stage 3 and 4 she gained valuable experience in practice at Threesixty Architecture before returning to complete her Bachelor of Architecture with Honours.

Urban Building Thesis:

The library assumes the best of people. The services it provides are founded on the assumption that: if given a chance, people will improve themselves.” (Taylor, “BBC Radio 4 – Thinking Allowed, Palaces for the People.”)

Currently, there is a great disparity of civic buildings in Merchant City. Subsequently this devolves into a lack of community in a very socially diverse district. The site for “A Warehouse of Knowledge” sits on the boundary between the upper class and lower class areas of the district, so the building will act as an item of social infrastructure to increase the likelihood of social connections across the district.

With a combination of biophilic design and circulation which creates social connections, this building will use introverted and extroverted spaces to modernise the outdated library into a piece of contemporary social infrastructure for the people of Merchant City.

“A Warehouse of Knowledge” will act as a monument which builds on Merchant City’s identity.

“Biophilic design fosters feelings of membership in a community that includes both people and the non-human environment.” (Kellert, Nature by Design : The Practice of Biophilic Design, 20.)

Ingrid Wennemo
Stage 4

My name is Sandy, I’m a stage 4 student of Architecture. Below are texts relating to each project from my stage 4 projects.

Urban Housing
The Anisotropic Grid

Today the digital world gives everyone access to a vast network of resources and connectivity. New formations of labour are arising, operating as a ‘gig economy’. This has led to a blurring of labour and domesticity from home to the city. Reordering domestic and labour activities into a spectrum from social to private, a greater flexibility of living and working can coexist. Inhabited walls scale up to form populated blocks punctuated by a series of public and private spaces. Separation between the dwelling and free labour programs is formed by the mass sitting perpendicular creating a series of hierarchical courtyards.

Urban Building

Primarily Labour was a Fordist approach, where workers and resources would arrive at the place of work, and revolve around a rigid framework. New formations of labour are arising such as the ‘gig economy’, where free-lancers, home-workers and temporary jobs are more common. The industrial city was built around places of labour and at the heart of the civic realm.

“Glasgows history is in making, in craftsmanship. Its legacy is in buildings.” Toby Webster

My project attempts to create a new civic building in Merchant City, Glasgow, that accommodates space for creative practices to occupy and adapt. By bringing the act of crafting and creating into the public realm, the process can become the performance itself.

Having completed my undergraduate degree in University College Dublin, I moved to Glasgow to broaden and re-contextualise my architectural education. My work focuses on presence and the balance between heavy and light taking particular interest in materials and what they offer the user over time.

I aim to think of the built environment as a living, ever-morphing realm and carefully consider time passing and a building’s continuous existence through it. True sustainability and usefulness comes not just from fulfilling a brief but imagining the brief in many years to come and taking ownership of your responsibility to design for humanity.

ShihLin Tseng, stage 4 architectural student.

Occasionally love architecture.

You don’t need to know me, contact me, if you want to know me.

Nichole Ann Samson is a Filipino student, graduating 4th year Architecture (Honours) at the Glasgow School of Art in 2020.

Migrating at a young age, Nichole Ann Samson is inspired by contradictions and connections between cultural and spacial aspects in her projects. Employing the intertwined concepts is a personal reference that highlight the contrast as well as the resemblance in architectural design. The journey and flow through the space of opposition and juxtaposition explores the ideas; of public and private, exterior and interior, industrial and environmental, urban and oasis, dark and light, shared and individual experience within a piece of architecture. Clearly showcasing the importance of spacial route in a way that can be defined as one or the other or to blur the lines between the two.

Rihards Saknitis is a Stage 4 Diploma in Architecture Student at the Mackintosh School of Architecture, who has been awarded a Bachelor of Architecture with Honours from the Birmingham School of Architecture and Design. Professionally, he has experience working on architectural projects in a variety of scales and contexts in the UK and Latvia.

Rihards Diploma study has been focused on establishing and experimenting with frameworks to identify and address social and environmental issues in the context of Glasgow. His projects explore how the city can function with less detriment on natural systems, by reestablishing and mimicking those systems in the built environment and how architectural planning can support more self-sufficient lifestyles. By designing space for nature, natural systems and principles of democratic production into the urban context, the consumerist culture and its impacts on the world are attempted to be reduced.

Throughout my time in stage four and the project shown I chose to analyse the foundation of home design, that being the nuclear family, and how this foundational assumption could be modified to provide a more modern and successful outcome.

With peoples living conditions becoming less permanent, roommates coming and going and people waiting on average longer to have children I wanted to design a small yet adaptable unit with could be adapted by its resident to suit their needs. and although the private spaces are small they are arranged around much larger common spaces which will be shared and inhabited by all residents equally which include communal kitchens, living/dining spaces and play spaces which would encourage and support a strong social bond between those within the building.

The project was completed within a group masterplan from which the output was to revitalise the area through the lens of a fragmented school, with each building of the master plan containing a feature of the school (sports facilities, assembly halls, dining etc.) and residential space above, giving the newly occupied area a function in its own right, to use as a foundation from which to interact and function with and within the wider city.

Designing small-scale domestic spaces for everyday use in connection to wider public areas has been a primary interest of mine. I feel this typology offers the greatest opportunity to consider modern human needs in detail, whilst still relating to the larger picture of citizen-oriented necessities and allowing opportunity for architectural expression. I find it important to relate my designs to the current urban demands and reflect the deeply-rooted historical traditions from which they stem. I enjoy giving attention to concept, detail, and aesthetics in every project. I aim to produce purpose-orientated, adaptable, and sustainable designs, and am always imagining how these might evolve in the near future. My experience working on corporate projects in China, Belarus, and the UK exposed me to the industry’s unfortunate gravitation towards fast-production and human-neglected builds; my aim coming back to eduction was to avoid these approaches, focusing on how one well-derived, concise project can be multiplied to produce satisfactory urban building.

I am an Architectural student currently finishing the 1st year of my Diploma in architecture at GSA. I have a keen interest in the environmental field of architecture, having a goal to specialise in within this upon moving into the professional world.

For this project I decided to do something close to my heart and look at a more sociological subject by means of defining what makes a queer space. It was an opportunity to investigate something that does not have a wealth of research currently available, challenging myself to look deeper into the subject and make my own conclusions from what I found.

I also used the opportunity to try and define what a queer space is architecturally within a building and how to physically design such a space. Again, something that has not been studied much to date.

This was indeed challenging, but I am more than happy I decided on this thesis and have learnt a vase amount about my community and its history while doing so.

Cultural and technological shifts in the recent years have contributed to the increasingly blurred distinction between living and working, where we are no longer organised by the traditional 9 to 5 workday. Contemporary forms of labour involve entire life of workers and their spectrum of social relationships- relationships reliant on technology to mediate real-life interactions to a degree to which social isolation and loneliness are now considered a serious epidemic in the UK. These shifts are, to lesser and greater degrees interconnected with forms of living closer together.

The proximity of the site to the City Centre and transport links provide an opportunity where it is able to accommodate various commercial and residential uses where they are able to flourish. With housing shortages, inflated prices and increasing levels of loneliness mean that shared living models are becoming more relevant.

At the basis of this thesis lies the ambition to rethink the idea of housing as an apparatus where form, economy and dwelling converge. The project implies a new social contract in which housing is driven no longer by traditional forms of ownership, but by a cooperative contract among inhabitants that allows them to live together by sharing spaces and facilities that would not be possible within the confined orthodox typology of a “house”.

An architecture student from Borneo, Malaysia, Sonia has achieved her RIBA Part 1 while studying at Glasgow School of Art. She has gained working experience at two local Malaysian firms and HBA Architecture in Singapore during her Professional Practice Year Out.

While Sonia spends most of her time as a student by day, she also enjoys spending time doing other activities. Her hobbies include hiking, Muay Thai, travelling, reading, and film photography.

I, as a graduating student at the Glasgow School of Art, would like to express that I won’t be using this platform to present and promote my practice as an act of solidarity with the Pause or Pay Campaign.

Jonathan’s research project, A Complex Whole: Kyrka to Kulturhuset, attempts to understand the varied architectural language developed by the Swedish architect Peter Celsing. The photographs shown here were taken whilst visiting each building during a research trip to Stockholm and Goteborg.

Celsing was an underrated architect who deployed architectural language with wit and intelligence. Even a brief glance over his work highlights this, from the deep and tactile language of the Helsingborg brick used at Harlanda parish church to the light and transparent language of glass stretched over steel and concrete at the Kulturhuset complex in the centre of Stockholm city.

With a love for art, history, travel and culture, Celsing was an architect for whom reference and imagery could be used freely as an artist would; his buildings were formed by the movement of his hand, pen on paper, brush on board. The language that he developed for each project seems always to have become a study of the relationship between the interior and the formal whole; the constellation of parts becomes something more.

His practice was artisanal and deeply rooted in history, but he did not shy away from international culture and global aspiration, and so his projects, regardless of scale and brief, were optimistic and profoundly civic.

I am interested in the intersection of architectural practice with environmental and social justice. I believe that the architectural profession is currently out of step with the environmental crisis we are in and that remedying this is the primary challenge of our current generation. We must update our practices to value ecological and social sustainability as paramount, reflecting the impact that the built environment has on carbon emissions, material waste and social inequality. These challenges inform my design work and research, and set a direction for my future career.
This year in my projects and research I have explored ideas of shared living, material conservation and reuse, circular design and structural appropriation. I have also previously incorporated self-build principles and natural construction materials into my work.
I would like to state my support for the Pause or Pay Campaign, which calls for reimbursement of fees or the provision of additional resources (when it is safe to do so) for art students across the UK. Read the full manifesto at pauseorpayuk.org.

For this Urban Housing project, the relationship between domesticity and labour is represented as a social space within the city. By sharing a circulation, and therefore a threshold from the public to the private realm, the domestic shares a space with the labour.

Could the intertwined existence of domesticity and labour in the same built environment form a social connexion? The ritualised entrance through the social enterprise is organised with that purpose in mind. Heading up to the circulation, inherent boundaries are formed through more private social spaces.

As a series of thresholds is increasing the privacy of both the domesticity and labour, every space is intended as another filter from the public realm. The boundary is here intended to by physical and not visual, as the spaces gravitated towards the greater social element that is the courtyard.

Indeed, every layer of private space is polarised by a more social space, such as the shared kitchen is facing the circulation, as well as the shared living space is in direct relationship with the kitchen. And, in an opposite manner, the most private bedroom faces the other way.

The following images are from my first project of Stage 4. This project explores homeless housing which questions and redefines the relationships between labour and domesticity.

During my Part 1 year out working at MAST Architects in Glasgow, I worked on a variety of social housing projects. I found that the skills I learned here helped me with my exploration of social housing typologies and design strategies.

Every day in Scotland, 18 people are made homeless. In Glasgow, there is a lack of housing for these people. By changing our approach to social housing, this could be changed.

One of the leading causes for homelessness is the loss of work. By integrating work and living into a new form of co-living and co-working social housing I hope to eliminate this problem. This can be done by creating a space in which skills can be learned to enhance the working life and help educate homeless people, allowing them to reintegrate into society.

Homelessness affects many different types of households. In Scotland annually 70% of these household types are individuals or couples and 30% are families. These two household types have different requirements and often different responses to labour, therefore they require different cell types. Spaces where all of these household types can coexist and encounter will allow them to benefit from learning skills from each other.

Isolation is a problem within the homeless community. I aim to eliminate this through the creation of a sociable space, where interaction is encouraged. By creating a community through a sociable space, people will support each other. In addition, community spaces which allow other homeless people out with the programme to visit, will allow residents to support these people and teach them skills.

By creating a self-sufficient space, with the facilities to grow their own food, the finances will no longer be a priority and the focus can be placed on learning skills. Through the use of built-in furniture in permanent spaces, this reduces the users need for furnishings.

After completing part one at the MSA, I spent a further three years in Paris and Buenos Aires working in atelier architecture/interior design studios. Having gained this experience I have returned to Glasgow to complete part two.

Maisie Tudge – Graduated with First Class Hons from Oxford Brookes University in 2017. Worked at Shoreditch based practice, HÛT Architecture, between July 2017 and August 2019. Collaborating on a range of large and small scale residential and commercial projects, lighting installations, internal refurbishments and furniture design.

Social experiences and equality remain at the core of design intentions.  Bridging the fragmented gap between social divisions and the young and old within Merchant City is crucial. Spaces for education and cultural exchanges form inter-generational bonds, while strengthening the social and civic infrastructure maintains a cultural link to the existing urban context. The idea of combining education, as a form of public and private labour, with domesticity arose from a study of the urban demographic, where the lack of family-orientated activities maintains transient experiences within this district of Glasgow.

Many artists’ studios exist in the east end and south side of Glasgow, but not necessarily in the heart of the city. Proposing a building with a significant exterior, carefully balanced with an ephemeral interior best describes Merchant City as a whole. The proposed building with its brick and arched façade sits well within its context, even with a seemingly institutional appearance at first, it is intended to be a permanent structure, changing periodically internally and reclaiming the aesthetic of a building which is otherwise formal and controlled and giving it back to the people of Glasgow.

In Urban Housing, the thesis sought to explore the notions of ownership in housing by utilizing an economic model that generates lower cost housing for affordable, long-term rental. By assuming the risks and working directly with the end users, the architect secures the viability of the project and removes the profit of the developer. The proposal of NO OWNERSHIP MODES adjusts the concept of fideicomiso to work with the state, meaning the state funding be used directly by the architect to produce housing at a lower cost and without the need of a developer. Engaging in a direct design process with the residents seeking socially rented housing would revolutionise the current notion of renting housing that does not respond to the needs of the end user.

In Urban Building, VESSEL FOR PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY creates an accountable form of governance – for a time of crisis – expressed as a citizens assembly. Provoked by the definition of a civic building as being where every resident has a shared claim on the resource, the programme represents a symbiotic relationship between politics, people and the ecosystem. The architecture aims to establish an alliance with the environment by cultivating and re-wilding the landscape. The seating plan of the VESSEL FOR PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY discards the form of the current house of commons, that can be interpreted as an expression of the political culture that it has helped to shape, us and them.